Researchers at Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies have created an innovative hydrogel that acts as a natural water reservoir for soil. Just one gram of this substance can absorb several liters of water and then gradually release moisture back to plants as the soil begins to dry out. Unlike synthetic acrylate-based hydrogels commonly used for moisture regulation, the Voronezh team took a different approach by developing a gel from natural polysaccharides. They initially used chitosan (derived from crab and shrimp shells) and later switched to domestically sourced pectin. This hydrogel not only stores water but can also serve as a delivery system for fertilizers. When the soil is overly wet, the gel absorbs excess moisture; during drought, it releases water slowly, preventing plants from wilting. Over time, the gel degrades into safe components, causing far less environmental harm than synthetic alternatives.
The technology has already attracted international interest, with a Chinese company purchasing a license for it. However, the scientists have adapted the formulation for local raw materials, enabling production in Russia as well. Additionally, young biotechnologists have identified microorganisms that help break down residual gel in the soil, ensuring no pollution. The hydrogel has been successfully tested on houseplants – for example, before going on vacation, you can water your flowers generously (with or without fertilizers), and the gel will hold the excess moisture, then gradually release it to keep plants from drying out or rotting. According to TASS, the development works exactly as intended.
